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Helios Brain Research

Better questions. Stronger foundations.

The research behind understanding, reasoning and responsible action. Technical reports, lab notes and the questions we are still working to answer.

Evidence before claims. Learning before certainty.

Ideas that can be examined.

Open questions

8 entries
Epistemics / Q01

Epistemic uncertainty under partial ontologies

Customer ontologies are always partial. When the substrate encounters an entity outside its declared schema, current practice silently coerces it. We are formalising partial-ontology uncertainty as a first-class quantity.

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Calculus / Q02

Provable refusal vs. graceful extrapolation

Most decision systems extrapolate beyond their support and emit a softened warning. We are researching a refusal calculus where the substrate can certify a query lies outside its evidence, and return a citable bound.

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Composition / Q03

Composing deductive proofs with Bayesian posteriors

A single recommendation may rest on a logically provable regulatory constraint AND a probabilistic posterior over outcomes. Today these compose unsoundly. We are exploring lifted probabilistic logic.

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Evaluation / Q04

Backtesting at the decision level, not the prediction

Forecast-accuracy backtests reward the wrong objective. A decision system should be evaluated on the decisions it enabled and the regret it accrued, not the RMSE of intermediate predictions.

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Causality / Q05

Identifiability of high-dimensional action spaces

When the action space is high-dimensional and partially confounded, causal identification under do-calculus is rarely possible. We are researching practical relaxations: partial identification, sensitivity-bounded effects.

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Drift / Q06

Drift detection across nested time-scales

A world model that learns hourly, weekly and quarterly must detect distribution shift at each scale independently. Standard drift detectors collapse the scales.

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Knowledge / Q07

Tacit expertise as first-class governed evidence

Domain experts encode knowledge that data alone never captures. Turning that tacit knowledge into versioned, citable, governable evidence, without flattening it into brittle rules, remains an unsolved problem.

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Adversarial / Q08

Adversarial robustness of governance layers

Compliance is the last line. We red-team it internally with multi-agent adversaries that probe rule boundaries, jailbreak permissions, exploit ontology gaps, and trace data exfiltration paths.

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